GUEST LECTURE

Mr.D.VISUVASAM, ADDITIONAL GENERAL MANAGER (REGD)/AQCS / BHEL delivered a special lecture on “THERMAL POWER PLANT, POWER PLANT POLLUTION AND BOILER INSRUMENTATION” at EIE Department on 18-03-2015.

He explained as :

  1. There are basically three main units of a thermal power plant: 1. Steam Generator or Boiler 2. Steam Turbine       3. Electric Generator
  2.  Electricity From Coal Basic Principle
  3. Objectives of Instrumentation & Control Efficient Operation of the plant. Economic Operation of the plant. Safe operation of the plant. Pollution control
  4. This entire task is often taken up by control & instrumentation or simply instrumentation system which has following functions:- a) Measurement b) Control c) Operation d) Monitoring e) Protection
  5. Analysis of (1) Water (2) Steam (3) Flue Gases And Others Expansion/ Contraction, Level, Flow, Temperature, Pressure Should be switched on manually when a overall control system fails. Ř Delays should be as small as possible Ř Reliable Ř Very accurate ŘQuantities To Be Measured: For a Plant Measurement system needs to be:
  6. Measurement Points & Variables
  7.  Turbine & Thermocouple generator
  8. Expansion Elements Liquid columns: Low range pressure measurement May be of U-Tube type or well-Type.
  9. Measurement of Temperature; Temperature can be measured only by using indirect methods.
  10.  RTDs ULTRA VIOLET SENSOR This device is used in furnace and it measures the intensity of ultra violet rays there and according to the wave generated which directly indicates the temperature in the furnace.
  11.  Measurement of Flow: Dual function meters usually measure flow rate with linear output & minimum error. Vortex & Ultrasonic meters have become available
  12. There are two groups of measuring devices:- 1. POSITIVE, OR VOLUMETRIC, which measure flow by transferring a measured quantity of fluid from the inlet to the outlet. 2. INFERENTIAL, which measures the velocity of the flow and the volume passed is inferred, it being equal to the velocity times the cross sectional area of the flow. The inferential type is the most widely used.
  13. Analysis of pH, DO,TURBIDITY
  14. Plant through the Central Control System (DDC-MIS) “Distributed Digital Control Monitoring and Information System”.
  15.  Labs in Control and Instrumentation Department of Thermal Plant Control and Instrumentation Department have following labs: 1. Manometry Lab 2. Protection and Interlocks Lab 3. Automation Lab 4. Electronics Lab 5. Water Treatment Plant 6. Furnaces Safety Supervisory System Lab
  16. Pollution Control systems: to control air and water pollution. 1. Electrostatic Precipitators: The ash left behind after combustion of coal is arrested in high efficiency Electrostatic Precipitators (ESP’s) 2. Flue Gas Stacks: Tall Flue Gas Stacks have been provided for wide dispersion of the gaseous emissions into the atmosphere. 3. Neutralisation Pits: Neutralisation pits have been provided in the Water Treatment Plant (WTP) for pH correction of the effluents before discharge into Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) for further treatment and use.

 

 

    


 

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